Robinson stepped down after defeat to Tonga at Pittodrie and Johnson was immediately tipped to replace him in the Murrayfield hot seat.
The decision to implement an interim post all the way through to the summer is somewhat of a surprise, though, despite the fact that the Scottish Rugby Union have insisted all along that they won't be rushed into naming Robinson's full-time successor.
"Scott has a wealth of experience of international rugby, which was instrumental in his appointment earlier this year as our senior assistant coach," said Scottish Rugby's CEO Mark Dodson.
"He has coached with Australia, Wales and the USA and knows what it is to prepare teams to win on the international battleground.
"Scott knows our players and coaches well and is determined to hit the ground running with a successful RBS 6 Nations Championship."
The 50-year-old former Ospreys boss only joined Robinson's coaching team earlier this year but he has seen off competition from the likes of ex Glasgow coach Sean Lineen to take the top job.
He joins Lions boss Warren Gatland in having coached two Home Union sides, with Wales coach Gatland having also held the post with Ireland.
Johnson will work with existing assistant Matt Taylor and specialist coaches Duncan Hodge and Massimo Cuttita in preparing the team for the Six Nations opener against England at Twickenham on February 2.
"It's an honour to take charge of the national team for our imminent campaign," said Johnson.
"I will be doing everything I can to bring the best out of our players as we all seek to achieve winning performances."
